A. Review mechanism of fluid and electrolyte
balance.
1. body water
2. body electrolyte component
3. mechanism for fluid
and
electrolyte movement
4. hormonal control
5. effect of developmental stage
B. Fluid and electrolyte imbalances
1. fluid imbalance
a. fluid deficit
b. fluid excess
2. electrolyte imbalance
a. electrolyte deficit
K+, Na+, Ca, Mg
b. electolyte excess
K+, Na+, Ca, Mg
C. Review physiology of acid-base balance
1. buffers systems
2. respiratory systems
3. renal system
D. Acid/Base imbalance
1. bicarbonate deficit
-
metabolic acidosis
2. bicarbonate excess
-
metabolic alkalosis
3. carbonic acid excess
-
respiratory acidosis
4. carbonic acid deficit
-
respiratory alkalosis
E. Assessment factors
1. objective data (ex.)
a. fluid intake/output
b. vital signs
c. daily weight
d. urine-specific gravity
e. skin turgor
2. subjective data
3. diagnostic tests
F. Nursing diagnosis (ex.)
1. fluid excess or deficit
2. activity intolerance
3. impaired thought processes
4. high risk for injury
G. Planning and nursing intervention
1. prevention of fluid
& electrolyte &
acid-base imbalances
2. pharmacological therapy
3. nutrition
H. Evaluation
- expected outcome of plan of
care to
meet client's needs
related to fluid,
electrolyte and
acid-base balance
I. Legal issues related to Intravenous Therapy
Readings:
Lewis pp. 330-358
Kozier pp. 1351-1384
|
A 50-2 Monitoring IV system
B 50-3 Changing IV Bag & Tubing
C 50-4 Discontinuing IV
D 50-5 Changing IV catheter to
intermittent infusion
lock
D. 33-8 Adding medications to IV bag
E. Administering medications by IV
piggy-back (in SDLP)
F. 33-9 IV Push Medications
Readings:
Kozier: pp. 831-839, 1381-1386, 1391-1398
Videos:
NUR 104 Skills Video
"Administering IV Medications"
"Detecting & Managing IV Therapy
Problems"
"Assessing Fluids & Electrolytes"
"Aid-Base Balance"
Computer Program:
Intravenous Therapy (basic)
Fluid and Electrolyte Fundamentals
Dosage and Calculations Made Easy (Parenteral)
Web Sites for Further Review:
http://nurse.cyberchalk.com/nurse
Click on Critical Care and then this unit:
-Knowing your ABGs (good review
of content and includes quizzes |
Utilizing the nursing process:
A. Care for a client with alterations
affecting fluid and electrolyte
balance
and/or acid-base balance.
B. Provide care for a client with I.V. infusion.
C. Evaluate client's response to fluid therapy.
1. recognize possible
alterations resulting
from I.V. therapy.
2. review a client's lab
results
D. In conference:
1. list and discuss fluid,
electrolyte, and
acid-base imbalances observed in
your client
- what caused the imbalance
- what symptoms did the client exhibit
- what treatment did client receive
2. discuss the IV solution
that your client
is receiving and the rationale for its
use
3. discuss nursing diagnoses
and
interventions for a client with
alterations in fluid, electrolyte and/or
acid-base imbalance
4. Discuss how the client's developmental stage
affects fluid and electrolyte balance.
5. Reveiw policies and procedures for IV therapy
at your agency including documentation of IVs |
